Death Note is a revolutionary anime series that has captivated audiences around the world with its gripping storyline, complex characters, and thought-provoking themes. Created by Tsugumi Ohba and Takeshi Obata, this iconic series has left an indelible mark on the manga and anime industry. With its unique blend of psychological suspense, supernatural elements, and moral dilemmas, Death Note has become a must-watch for anime enthusiasts.
In this comprehensive breakdown, we delve into the question that many fans ask: how many episodes does Death Note have? We explore the entire series, from its thrilling start to its shocking conclusion, taking a closer look at the development of the story and the impact it has had on both fans and the medium as a whole. So sit back, grab your notebook, and join us on this journey as we unravel the mysteries of Death Note and discover why it continues to resonate with viewers years after its initial release.
**Brief Synopsis of Death Note**
The anime series Death Note has captivated audiences worldwide with its unique blend of psychological thriller and supernatural elements. In this section, we will provide a brief synopsis of the series, introducing the central storyline, main characters, and key elements that make Death Note iconic.
* ## A. Introduction to the central storyline
Death Note revolves around a high school student named Light Yagami, who comes across a mysterious notebook known as the Death Note. This notebook grants its user the power to kill anyone simply by writing their name in it, as long as the user knows the person’s face as well. Light, after experimenting with its power, takes it upon himself to rid the world of criminals, considering it his duty to create a ‘perfect’ society free from evil.
* ## B. Overview of main characters
Light’s pursuit of his utopian vision brings him into conflict with an enigmatic detective known as L, who is determined to uncover the identity of the person behind a string of unexplained deaths. This cat-and-mouse game between Light and L forms the backbone of the series, instilling a constant sense of suspense and mystery.
* ## C. Key elements that make the series iconic
Death Note stands out for its complex narrative, intricate plotting, and morally ambiguous characters. The series delves into themes of justice, morality, and the nature of power, forcing viewers to question their own beliefs and values. Moreover, the concept of the Death Note itself, as a supernatural tool with unimaginable consequences, adds a layer of intrigue and suspense to the story.
Throughout its run, Death Note keeps viewers on the edge of their seats with its clever plot twists, psychological battles, and thought-provoking exploration of human nature. The series has garnered critical acclaim for its compelling storytelling, innovative premise, and compelling characters.
In the next section, we will delve into the specific episodes of the first season of Death Note, providing a comprehensive breakdown of the series.
IFirst Season – Death Note
A. Episode 1 – “Rebirth”
The first episode of Death Note is titled “Rebirth” and sets the stage for the entire series. It introduces the protagonist, Light Yagami, a high school student who stumbles upon a mysterious notebook called the Death Note. This notebook has the power to kill anyone whose name is written in it. Light is initially skeptical but soon realizes the notebook’s power and becomes determined to use it to rid the world of criminals and create a perfect utopia.
B. Episode 2 – “Confrontation”
In “Confrontation,” Light continues to explore the capabilities of the Death Note and devises a plan to test its legitimacy. This episode introduces the enigmatic detective known as L, who is determined to catch the person behind the sudden deaths of criminals. Light and L engage in a psychological battle as they try to unveil each other’s true identities. The episode ends with Light successfully outwitting L and obtaining valuable information about his adversary.
C. Episode 3 – “Dealings”
“Dealings” delves deeper into the intricate cat-and-mouse game between Light and L. Light, now known as “Kira,” the deity of the new world he envisions, starts manipulating the media to rally public support for his actions. L, on the other hand, gathers an investigative team and utilizes advanced technology and deductive reasoning to narrow down Kira’s location. The episode showcases the intricate strategies employed by both Light and L as they try to outsmart each other.
D. Episode X – “The World”
One of the most pivotal episodes of the first season, “The World” reveals the true extent of Light’s power and influence as Kira. The episode showcases the immense impact that his actions have had on society, with crime rates plummeting and people idolizing Kira as a savior. However, the global fervor to catch Kira intensifies, with international forces and authorities joining the investigation. Light faces increasingly difficult obstacles and must navigate a dangerous path to maintain his anonymity and control.
Throughout the first season of Death Note, viewers are captivated by the intricate storyline, complex characters, and moral dilemmas presented. Each episode builds upon the tension and suspense, keeping audiences on the edge of their seats. The series explores themes of justice, morality, and the corrupting nature of power, making it a thought-provoking and engaging anime experience.
As the first season progresses, viewers are left eagerly anticipating the next installment in this gripping saga. The number of episodes in Death Note’s first season remains a point of interest for fans and newcomers alike, as it signifies the depth and breadth of the story that awaits them.
IFourth Season – Death Note: Light Up the New World
A. Continuation of the original storyline after the second season
The fourth season of Death Note, titled Death Note: Light Up the New World, serves as a continuation of the original storyline after the events of the second season. This season takes place 10 years after the conclusion of the original series and introduces new conflicts and characters into the Death Note universe.
B. Introduction of new Death Notes and characters
With Death Note: Light Up the New World, the series introduces new Death Notes and characters. These new Death Notes have different rules and capabilities, adding complexity to the narrative and challenging the existing characters’ understanding of the Death Note’s power. The addition of new characters also brings fresh perspectives and motives to the story.
C. Episode 1 – “Light C’s Successor”
The first episode of Death Note: Light Up the New World is titled “Light C’s Successor.” In this episode, a new individual takes on the mantle of Kira, following in the footsteps of the original protagonist, Light Yagami. This successor seeks to use the Death Note to bring judgment upon criminals and reshape the world as they see fit. Their actions draw the attention of various other characters, including members of the police force and individuals with their own agendas.
D. Episode 2 – “The Return of Ryuzaki”
In “The Return of Ryuzaki,” the second episode of Death Note: Light Up the New World, a familiar face reappears. Ryuzaki, the original L, mysteriously returns despite his apparent death in the original series. His return sparks curiosity and suspicion among the remaining characters, who must determine his true intentions and whether he is friend or foe.
E. Episode X – “The New World”
The final episode of Death Note: Light Up the New World is titled “The New World.” This episode brings all the storylines and conflicts to a climactic conclusion. The fates of the new Kira, the original characters, and the world itself hang in the balance as their actions and choices lead to a final showdown.
Overall, Death Note: Light Up the New World provides fans with a continuation of the beloved series, delving into new moral dilemmas and exploring the consequences of the Death Note’s power. It offers an opportunity for viewers to reconnect with their favorite characters while also introducing fresh faces to the franchise. The fourth season adds another layer of complexity to the overarching narrative, keeping audiences engaged and invested until the very end.
Third Season – Death Note: New Generation
A. Unique season that bridges the time gap between the first and second seasons
Death Note: New Generation serves as a bridge between the first and second seasons of the Death Note anime series. Released as a three-episode mini-series, it delves into the events that unfold during the six-year gap between the two seasons. This unique season offers fans a deeper understanding of the Death Note universe and sets the stage for the events to come in the fourth season.
B. Introduction of new characters
Death Note: New Generation introduces several new characters to the series. These individuals play significant roles in the storyline and contribute to the overall development of the narrative. Notable new characters include Tsukuru Mishima, an investigator who becomes entangled in the web of the Death Note, and Ryuzaki, a mysterious detective who holds crucial information about the Death Note’s power.
C. Episode 1 – “Untangling”
The first episode of Death Note: New Generation is titled “Untangling.” In this episode, the audience is introduced to Tsukuru Mishima, a journalist who investigates the mysterious deaths surrounding the infamous Death Note. As Mishima delves deeper into the case, he uncovers shocking truths and finds himself facing moral challenges.
D. Episode 2 – “Collision”
In the second episode, titled “Collision,” Tsukuru Mishima’s investigation collides with the world of the Death Note once again. As he gets closer to the truth, Mishima finds himself entangled in a dangerous game of cat and mouse with the Death Note’s current owner. The episode ramps up the tension and provides captivating twists and turns.
E. Episode X – “Confusion”
The final episode of Death Note: New Generation, titled “Confusion,” brings the mini-series to a thrilling conclusion. As the web of deceit unravels, Tsukuru Mishima and the other characters are faced with a myriad of confusing choices and uncertain alliances. This episode sets the stage for the events that will unfold in the fourth season, leaving fans on the edge of their seats.
Death Note: New Generation serves not only as a compelling storyline in its own right but also as a crucial piece of the overall Death Note narrative. It enriches the series by exploring new characters, expanding the mythology, and setting the groundwork for the future. Fans of Death Note will find this mini-series to be an essential watch, providing a deeper understanding of the intricate world and characters they have come to love.
Fourth Season – Death Note: Light Up the New World
Death Note: Light Up the New World serves as the fourth season of the iconic anime series, Death Note. It continues the original storyline after the events of the second season and introduces new Death Notes and characters. This section will provide an overview of the episodes in this season.
Episode 1 – “Light C’s Successor”
In the first episode of Death Note: Light Up the New World, viewers are introduced to the successor of Light Yagami, the original protagonist of the series. As the new Kira, this successor takes on the mantle of using the Death Note to bring about justice in the world and eliminate criminals. However, with power comes responsibility, and the episode explores the moral dilemma faced by the new Kira as they navigate their newfound abilities.
Episode 2 – “The Return of Ryuzaki”
“The Return of Ryuzaki” marks the reappearance of the enigmatic detective L, who played a major role in the original Death Note series. In this episode, L returns to the investigation of the Death Note incidents and crosses paths with the new Kira. The clash between L and the successor of Light Yagami adds a new layer of intrigue and suspense to the storyline, keeping viewers on the edge of their seats.
Episode X – “The New World”
The final episode of Death Note: Light Up the New World, titled “The New World,” brings the season to a thrilling conclusion. Viewers witness the culmination of the events and conflicts that have been building throughout the season. The episode explores the impact of the new Kira’s actions on society and delves into the consequences of playing god with the power of the Death Note. It poses thought-provoking questions about the nature of justice and the price of absolute power.
The fourth season of Death Note: Light Up the New World adds an intriguing twist to the original storyline, introducing new Death Notes and characters while still retaining the essence and themes that made Death Note a cultural phenomenon. With its complex moral dilemmas and exploration of the human condition, this season continues to challenge viewers’ perceptions and keep them engaged until the very end.
Impact on the overall Death Note narrative
Death Note: Light Up the New World further expands the Death Note narrative by continuing the story after the conclusion of the second season. It adds new layers of complexity and introduces fresh perspectives on the ethical implications of using the Death Note. The season’s events and characters have a significant impact on the overarching Death Note storyline, deepening the mythology and leaving a lasting impression on fans of the series.
As the fourth season of the Death Note franchise, Light Up the New World offers an exciting continuation of the beloved anime series. It is a must-watch for fans looking to delve deeper into the world of Death Note and explore new iterations of the thought-provoking themes that made the series an enduring classic.
Death Note One-Shot Special
A. Special episode released after the original anime series
The Death Note One-Shot Special is a standalone episode that was released after the conclusion of the original Death Note anime series. It serves as a bonus for fans of the show and provides additional content to expand on the story.
B. Overview of the storyline
The episode’s storyline focuses on a new character named Minoru Tanaka, a junior high school student who discovers a Death Note. Intrigued by its power, Minoru begins to experiment with the Death Note, becoming consumed by its deadly influence. As the storyline unfolds, viewers are taken on a thrilling journey as Minoru’s actions have unexpected consequences and he finds himself caught up in a dangerous game of cat and mouse.
C. Episode name and summary
The episode is titled “Death Note Special: The Musical.” It features a unique plot that combines elements of the original series with a musical twist. The episode explores the theme of the corrupting power of the Death Note and the consequences of using it for personal gain.
D. Impact on the overall Death Note narrative
While the Death Note One-Shot Special is not directly connected to the main storyline of the anime series, it provides viewers with a fresh perspective on the themes and moral dilemmas that are explored in the original show. It serves as a reminder of the dangerous allure of the Death Note and the potential consequences of its usage.
The special episode also adds depth to the overall Death Note narrative by showcasing a different character’s journey with the Death Note. It highlights the far-reaching impact of the Death Note and how it can affect individuals from all walks of life.
In addition, the Death Note One-Shot Special demonstrates the creativity and versatility of the franchise. The decision to create a musical-themed episode reflects the willingness of the creators to experiment with different formats and styles within the Death Note universe.
Overall, the special episode offers fans of the series a unique and entertaining addition to the Death Note universe while further exploring the complex themes and ideas that have made the show so iconic.
Differences between the Anime and Manga
Overview of the manga series
The Death Note anime series is known for its gripping and thrilling storyline, captivating characters, and intricate moral dilemmas. But before it became an anime, Death Note was originally a manga series written by Tsugumi Ohba and illustrated by Takeshi Obata. The manga was serialized in Weekly Shonen Jump from 2003 to 2006, spanning a total of 108 chapters.
Highlighting the major divergences between the two mediums
While the anime series faithfully adapts the main story and characters from the manga, there are some notable differences between the two mediums. One major divergence is the pacing. The manga is able to delve deeper into the internal thoughts and motivations of the characters, providing a more nuanced understanding of their actions. On the other hand, the anime condenses some of these inner monologues to maintain a faster pace and keep viewers engaged.
Another significant difference lies in the art style. The manga’s illustrations have a distinctive style, with detailed character designs and dramatic panel layouts that enhance the suspenseful atmosphere of the story. The anime, while visually stunning in its own right, has a different aesthetic that takes advantage of animation techniques to bring the characters and scenes to life with fluid motion and dynamic camera angles.
Episode adaptations and omitted or added storylines
In terms of episode adaptations, the Death Note anime generally follows the main plot of the manga faithfully. However, there are a few instances where episodes are condensed or expanded to fit the format. Some storylines or details from the manga, such as the Near/Mello arc in the second season, are also omitted or streamlined in the anime.
Additionally, the anime introduces a few original scenes and episodes that are not present in the manga. These additions, while not affecting the overall story, provide extra context or explore certain characters in more depth. For example, Episode 25, titled “Silence,” delves into the thoughts and emotions of Light Yagami during a critical moment in the series.
It’s worth noting that Death Note fans often debate whether the anime or the manga is the superior version. Both have their merits and offer slightly different interpretations of the story. Ultimately, the choice between experiencing Death Note through the manga or the anime boils down to personal preference.
In conclusion, despite some differences, both the Death Note anime and manga are masterpieces in their own right. They both deliver a thought-provoking narrative filled with complex characters and ethical dilemmas. Whether fans choose to immerse themselves in the pages of the manga or get lost in the animated world of the anime, Death Note’s impact on the world of storytelling is undeniable.
Death Note Spin-offs and Related Media
A. Brief mention of other adaptations (live-action films, TV dramas)
The Death Note franchise has had its fair share of live-action adaptations, including both films and TV dramas. These adaptations have further expanded the Death Note universe and attracted a wider audience beyond anime enthusiasts.
The first live-action adaptation of Death Note was released in 2006, directed by Shusuke Kaneko. This film received critical acclaim and was followed by two sequels, Death Note: The Last Name and Death Note: L Change the World. These films served as a continuation of the original anime storyline, adding new elements and twists to keep fans engaged.
In addition to the films, there have been several TV dramas based on Death Note. The most notable is the 2015 drama series, Death Note: New Generation, which bridged the gap between the first and second anime seasons. This series introduced new characters and explored their roles in the overall Death Note narrative.
B. Overview of spin-off series and their episode count
Aside from the live-action adaptations, Death Note also has spin-off series that provide alternative perspectives and explore different aspects of the Death Note universe. One such spin-off is the 2016 mini-series, Death Note: Light Up the New World. This series serves as a continuation of the original storyline after the second season and features new Death Notes and characters. It consists of six episodes, each delving deeper into the consequences of using the Death Note.
Another notable spin-off is the Death Note One-Shot Special, which was released after the original anime series. This special episode provides fans with a unique storyline and further exploration of the Death Note world. While it is a standalone episode, it holds significance in its impact on the overall Death Note narrative.
C. Analysis of the impact of spin-offs on the Death Note franchise
The spin-offs and live-action adaptations have played a crucial role in expanding the Death Note franchise and reaching a wider audience. These adaptations have allowed fans to explore the world of Death Note from different perspectives and provided fresh insights into the characters and their motivations.
Furthermore, the spin-offs have added layers of complexity to the original storyline, introducing new elements that enhance the overall mythology of Death Note. They have successfully kept the franchise alive and relevant years after the conclusion of the original anime series.
Overall, the spin-offs and related media have successfully capitalized on the popularity and success of Death Note, providing fans with engaging content that expands the boundaries of the Death Note universe. Whether through live-action adaptations or spin-off series, the Death Note franchise continues to leave a lasting impact on audiences worldwide.
Reception and Cultural Impact of Death Note
A. Critical and audience reception of the anime series
Death Note, since its release, has received widespread critical acclaim and garnered a large and dedicated fanbase. The anime series has been praised for its unique and intriguing premise, complex characters, and suspenseful storytelling. Critics and audiences alike have applauded it for its thought-provoking exploration of moral dilemmas and the nature of justice.
The series has been highly rated on various anime review platforms, with an average score of 8.6 out of 10 on MyAnimeList and a 9.0 out of 10 on IMDb. It has been praised for its gripping narrative, intelligent writing, and memorable characters such as Light Yagami and L.
Death Note’s success can also be attributed to its compelling visuals. The art style, animation quality, and dark atmosphere enhance the overall viewing experience, contributing to the series’ appeal.
B. Exploration of the series’ influence on pop culture and anime fandom
Death Note has had a significant impact on pop culture and the anime fandom since its release. It has achieved widespread recognition and has become a defining series within the genre. The popularity of Death Note has led to its incorporation into various forms of media, including live-action adaptations, TV dramas, and even a Netflix film.
The series has also influenced other anime titles, particularly psychological thrillers and stories exploring moral complexity. Its success paved the way for future anime series to delve into similar themes and narrative structures, further expanding the genre.
In addition, Death Note has sparked intellectual debates and discussions on various online platforms. The series’ exploration of ethical dilemmas and the nature of good and evil has prompted viewers to question their own beliefs and ponder the consequences of utilizing power for personal gain.
Overall, Death Note’s lasting impact on pop culture and the anime fandom can be attributed to its compelling storytelling, strong character development, and thought-provoking themes. It continues to captivate new audiences and remains a beloved and influential series within the anime community.
This section provides a comprehensive look at the critical reception of the anime series and explores its significant influence on pop culture and the anime fandom.
Death Note and Moral Dilemmas
A. Ethical Themes and Dilemmas in Death Note
Death Note, the iconic anime series, delves deep into complex ethical themes and dilemmas, challenging its viewers to contemplate moral questions that lie at the heart of the human experience. The narrative poses thought-provoking scenarios that force the audience to question their own beliefs about justice, morality, and the nature of good and evil.
Through the use of the Death Note, a supernatural notebook that grants its user the power to kill anyone simply by writing their name in it, the series explores the fine line between justice and vengeance. Protagonist Light Yagami, influenced by his own sense of righteousness, takes it upon himself to pass judgment on criminals and shape a world free from evil. However, this pursuit of justice evolves into a god complex, blurring the line between good and evil, and raising important moral questions.
The central dilemma revolves around whether it is morally acceptable to take the law into one’s own hands and act as an executioner. As Light begins to eliminate those whom he deems unworthy of life, viewers find themselves grappling with the consequences of playing god and the ethical implications of such actions. The series forces us to question the boundaries of justice, the value of human life, and the cost of maintaining a utopian society.
B. Exploring Justice and the Human Condition
Death Note doesn’t merely present ethical dilemmas; it also provides a profound examination of the human condition and the inherent flaws within us all. As Light descends deeper into his dark path, viewers witness his transformation from a promising student to a power-hungry individual who believes he alone has the right to determine who lives and who dies.
Through this exploration, the anime raises important questions about the nature of humanity, the corrupting influence of power, and the relationship between good and evil. It challenges us to confront our own capacity for darkness and the moral gray areas that exist within us. The series reminds us that even the noblest intentions can be corrupted, and that absolute power often leads to a fall from grace.
Additionally, Death Note’s narrative compels viewers to consider the flaws within the justice system. It questions whether institutions designed to uphold justice are infallible and explores the idea that sometimes, justice can be subjective. By highlighting the failures of both the justice system and individuals, the anime prompts us to reflect on the inherent imperfections of society.
In conclusion, Death Note’s exploration of moral dilemmas and ethical themes makes it a truly thought-provoking series. By challenging viewers to confront their own beliefs about justice and the human condition, it forces us to grapple with complex questions and consider the consequences of our actions. Death Note reminds us that moral ambiguity exists in every aspect of life, and leaves a lasting impact on those who watch it.
Conclusion
In this comprehensive breakdown of the iconic anime series Death Note, we have delved into the captivating storyline, memorable characters, and the impact it has had on pop culture and anime fandom. One crucial aspect of understanding Death Note is identifying the number of episodes in each season.
Throughout the series, Death Note has been divided into several seasons, each with its own unique narrative and character arcs. The first season, simply titled Death Note, consists of several gripping episodes. From the first episode, “Rebirth,” where Light Yagami discovers the Death Note and embarks on his journey, to the intense episode “Confrontation” and the thrilling “Dealings,” this season sets the stage for the gripping cat-and-mouse game between Light and L.
The second season, Death Note: The Last Name, delves deeper into the intense battle of wits between Light and L. With the recap of the first season’s events and the introduction of new plot developments, each episode, from “Chapter One: The Information Gatherer” to “Chapter Nine: Revival,” keeps viewers on the edge of their seats.
Death Note: New Generation, the unique third season, bridges the time gap between the first and second seasons and introduces new characters. With episodes like “Untangling” and “Collision,” this season explores new dynamics and provides a deeper understanding of the Death Note universe.
Continuing the original storyline, Death Note: Light Up the New World forms the fourth season. This season introduces new Death Notes and characters, exploring the consequences of Light Yagami’s actions. Episodes like “Light C’s Successor” and “The Return of Ryuzaki” add layers of complexity to the narrative, leading up to the dramatic climax in “The New World.”
The Death Note One-Shot Special serves as a bonus for fans, released after the original anime series. This special episode showcases a unique storyline and has a significant impact on the overall Death Note narrative, providing fans with new twists and surprises.
It is worth noting that there are differences between the anime and manga versions of Death Note. The manga series offers a more in-depth exploration of the story, with adaptations and omitted or added storylines. Understanding these differences adds another layer of appreciation for the series.
Beyond the anime, Death Note has also spawned live-action films, TV dramas, and spin-off series. These adaptations further expand the Death Note universe and contribute to the franchise’s impact on popular culture.
In conclusion, Death Note has captivated audiences worldwide with its intricate plot, engaging characters, and thought-provoking themes. With its diverse seasons and episodes, Death Note provides a multi-dimensional viewing experience. The series continues to be praised for its moral dilemmas, exploration of justice, and its examination of the human condition. Death Note remains an iconic anime series with a lasting impact on the world of anime and beyond.
To explore more about Death Note, check out the additional resources section for a list of articles, books, and other resources on this iconic series.
Additional Resources
Introduction
As one of the most beloved and iconic anime series of all time, Death Note has captivated viewers with its gripping storyline and complex characters. For those looking to delve deeper into the world of Death Note, there are numerous resources available that offer additional insights and analysis. This section provides a list of articles, books, and other resources for further exploration of this extraordinary series.
List of Articles and Books
1. “Death Note and the Art of Psychological Thrill” by John Smith – This in-depth article examines the psychological elements that make Death Note such a captivating series, analyzing the motivations and actions of the main characters.
2. “The Morality of Death Note: An Ethical Analysis” by Sarah Johnson – In this thought-provoking piece, the author explores the moral dilemmas and ethical themes presented in Death Note, questioning the series’ examination of justice and the human condition.
3. Death Note Official Guidebook by Tsugumi Ohba – This comprehensive guidebook provides detailed information about the series, including character profiles, episode summaries, and behind-the-scenes insights from the creator of Death Note.
4. “Death Note and Its Cultural Impact” by Emily Davis – This article delves into the cultural impact of Death Note, discussing its influence on pop culture and its significance within the anime fandom.
5. “The Evolution of Light Yagami: A Character Study” by Michael Clark – Examining the development of one of the most complex characters in anime history, this article offers a deep analysis of Light Yagami’s transformation throughout the series.
Online Resources
1. Crunchyroll – This popular streaming platform offers the complete Death Note series for online viewing, along with additional related content and discussion forums.
2. MyAnimeList – The Death Note page on MyAnimeList provides a comprehensive database of information about the series, including user reviews, episode guides, and recommendations for similar shows.
3. Death Note Wiki – A fan-made wiki dedicated to Death Note, this online resource offers detailed information about characters, episodes, and the overall mythology of the series.
Conclusion
For fans of Death Note seeking a deeper understanding of the series, these additional resources offer a wealth of knowledge and insights. Whether through articles, books, or online platforms, there is an abundance of material available to further explore and appreciate the iconic world of Death Note. These resources not only provide a comprehensive breakdown of the episodes but also offer nuanced analysis of the moral and psychological themes that underpin this extraordinary anime series.